Which of the following actions is considered neglect?

Neglect is characterized by the failure to meet a child's basic needs, which can include physical, emotional, educational, and medical necessities. In this context, failing to provide necessary medical care clearly falls under the definition of neglect, as it directly endangers the child's health and well-being. Ensuring that children receive appropriate medical attention is crucial for their physical development and overall safety.

The other actions listed do not constitute neglect. Setting high expectations for academic success, for example, can be considered a motivational approach to encourage achievement, while encouraging participation in sports promotes physical health and teamwork skills. Providing educational materials is also supportive and beneficial for a child's learning and development. Thus, only the failure to provide medical care is aligned with the definition of neglect, making it the correct answer.